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station this is houston are you ready

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we are ready for the event

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minnesota public radio this is mission

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control houston please call station for

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a voice check

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station this is minnesota public radio

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we have you loud and clear welcome

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aboard the international space station

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well thank you much karen and chris nice

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nice talking to you too

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how's the weather in minnesota

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beautiful it's beautiful thank you thank

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you for asking

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karen i'm curious one of the things

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you're doing is studying how living in

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space affects humans describe how living

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in the space station for more than two

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well if we didn't work out as much as we

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do i think we would see a lot more

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changes

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i think uh

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our our bone density and our muscle mass

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is one of the main things we're worried

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about but we exercise about two hours

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every single day

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so

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uh we're really mitigating that

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uh other than that you notice things

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like um the calluses on your feet kind

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of start to go away because you don't

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need

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walking around every day to form those

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calluses and so things like that you

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notice

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you know i would think that two hours a

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day sounds exhausting but with the

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weightlessness it must be a different

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situation do you have to modify your

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what we do for exercise we have what's

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called a an

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resistive exercise device which is kind

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of like lifting weights and it actually

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uses the pull of a vacuum and cylinders

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and we also have a treadmill that we

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bungee ourselves to to stay on the on

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the floor as we run and we also have a

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bicycle that we can use and we use those

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too for our cardiovascular health

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there's the physiological effects of

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being in space but physically it's very

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tight quarters up there it's got to be

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like having six people in a small tent

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on a camping trip how's the

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interpersonal side of the equation for

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it's really good actually it's not that

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it isn't it really isn't that crowded

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the international space station is quite

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large we have a number of modules we

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have the russian segment in the united

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states segment and we have you know 10

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modules or so on the us segment that are

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quite large the size of a school bus or

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bigger

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so it's very easy we each have our own

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sleeping quarters um you know if you

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feel like you do need to get away from

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each other and when we're working

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throughout the day sometimes we're

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working in the same module sometimes

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we're separated so really the privacy is

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good and interpersonally i think this

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this is a great place to be

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now you're doing a lot of studying as i

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mentioned about the space effects on

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humans you're also investigating what

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caused water to leak into the helmet

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worn by your crewmate

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luca parmitano during that spacewalk on

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july the 16th have you figured out

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well uh hopefully you'll let somebody

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from maine to speak to you in minnesota

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i'm glad to i'm glad to answer this

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question because i i had the uh fortune

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or misfortune to be out there with luca

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and

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right now the engineers have put

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together a really detailed

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troubleshooting plan that we're about

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halfway through

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executing and i think the best way to

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answer it is we know what the problem

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wasn't there were about five or six

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items that it could have been and we've

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eliminated most of them and we're down

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to the to uh two or three really prime

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suspects and we'll we'll with one or two

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more tests we'll have a exactly

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identified the problem and make sure

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that we can if we can we'll fix it in

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space but we might have to bring that

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suit back to earth and fix it there and

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but most importantly making sure that

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all the rest of the spacesuits in our

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inventory are safer for subsequent

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spacewalks

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i know you all are getting ready for the

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arrival of a japanese cargo ship what's

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your responsibility when that ship

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the htv which is coming up next week

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actually uh it is grappled by the the

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canadian robotic arm and so

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chris and i will actually be working

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together at the robotic workstation to

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use that arm to to grapple the uh the

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vehicle as it comes in it's going to it

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rendezvous automatically under its own

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systems and when it gets to a certain

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distance away we'll be in the cupola and

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we'll be um able to uh monitor the

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approach as it gets closer to space

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station and then reach out and grab it

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and then

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the controllers on the ground will

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actually use the robotic arm to install

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it to one of the hatches hatchways on

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the space station and then we'll be able

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to go in and get all the goodies that

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are arriving

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you know you're doing a lot of work uh

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karen and chris and of course the other

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crew members too what do you all do to

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it's funny that it the week goes by and

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you really realize there's not a lot of

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free time especially on the weekdays and

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by the time we finish our work day

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and get done with our daily planning

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conference that we do with all the space

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centers around the world

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we you know then it's time for dinner

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and phone calls to family and that type

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of thing and then the day is done on the

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weekends we have about half a day on

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saturday where we have free time and

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then most of sunday

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and we all like to go and take pictures

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out of the window we read we just sit

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and chat with each other

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i brought some projects to work on i'm

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trying to do a little bit of sewing

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i haven't done as much as i would like

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but like i said the free time just the

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time just goes so fast here well karen

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your pictures are gorgeous on twitter by

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thank you i'm i'm trying to show

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everybody who isn't as privileged as we

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are to be able to come here what it

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looks like from this vantage point like

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i said we're so privileged to be able to

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come and and see the earth and the how

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beautiful it looks from here and and

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since so few people get to do that i

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think sharing and i try to get my

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pictures to look in a way so it looks

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like it does when we look and the colors

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as vibrant as it as it is when we look

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out the window and

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just try and share what we're seeing

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karen have you finally gotten a chance

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to take a picture of your hometown of

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i did a couple weeks ago thanks to chris

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he knew i had been waiting to um to get

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a picture of it and every single time we

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passed over it was very cloudy and then

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one time i was working on on a project

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and he called over intercom and said

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karen it's clear in minnesota and so i

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went down to the cupola and got some

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pictures and i think everybody in my

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hometown area really enjoyed it

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say final question do you both think

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you'll be ready to come home after about

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i think six months is a is a good amount

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of time i think it's enough time you

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kind of want to go home before your your

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craving going home i think

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but of course with our families at home

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everybody you know i i i'm going to be

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looking forward to going home i hate

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leaving this place

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but but i know i'll be looking forward

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karen and chris thanks

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thanks for joining us

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station this is houston acr that

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concludes the minnesota public radio

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portion of the event please stand by for

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station this is u.s navy production how

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i hear you loud and clear it's great to

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thank you sir

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from the early days to the present the

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navy has been an important contributor

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to america's efforts in space both

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unmanned and manned in fact more

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astronauts have graduated from the naval

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academy than any other higher education

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institution

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i'm petty officer brandie wells and here

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in studio with me i have midshipman

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second class lucas papadakis an

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aerospace engineering major at the

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academy and a hopeful future astronaut

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and live from the international space

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station is commander chris cassidy a

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navy seal to discuss the navy's role in

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space and his own experiences

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thank you for joining us today commander

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hey my pleasure it's great to be with

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sir

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our first question is why is space

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well you know

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obviously communication is vital to

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anything we do from as simple things as

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our own relationships to war to space

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and uh and the space environment for the

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navy is critical for our communications

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network tracking our ships

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responding to

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disasters or conflicts and everything

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that we do on a day-to-day basis and

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having the ability to track and manage

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all of this infrastructure all around

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the world it's actually really critical

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to to

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how has your navy service prepared you

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well you know that's an interesting

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question i think that

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to be successful as an astronaut you

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need to have the ability to

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think operationally and do things while

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you're communicating on the radio while

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you're while you're processing multiple

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things and that's what i've learned over

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my time my few months here and that was

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really instilled in me from my first

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days of stepping on to the naval academy

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yard all the way through

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being groomed as a as a junior officer

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and mentored by some of the senior

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enlisted that i had the privilege to

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work with and

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just really the fundamental things of

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what we need our our navy war fighters

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our military war fighters to do

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translates exactly to uh to life in

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space it's an operational environment

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we're doing things that we can get

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us hurt or hurt the equipment that we're

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working with neither one of those are

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good and uh and it's that innate sense

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of how to do that i think is instilled

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in every one of us that uh joins the

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are there any similarities between the

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well i'm asked that often actually and

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i think

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at face value it's very similar training

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pattern

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in the seal teams much like the rest of

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the navy

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on a typical pre-deployment workup you

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go together with some basic unit level

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training

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and then as you get more proficient

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you'll start integrating with other

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units until you prepare for your final

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exercises prior to deployment and we

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have a very similar pattern here uh in

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the training for space at the beginning

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of being assigned to a space mission you

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you train up on individual systems just

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you and an instructor learning the uh

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the wiring diagrams and how the system

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works and then you build up to an

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integrated simulation environment where

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you're working with other crew members

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from other countries and on multiple

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systems at the same time all in a that

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culminates with some exams prior to

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launch and we go on our mission we're up

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here for six months just like on a navy

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deployment is typically six months so

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that training pattern is very similar

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and then the other thing is this my seal

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team life was much more uh physical uh

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and we we do exercise quite a bit up

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here on space it's it's essential but uh

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i think i find i find myself

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uh

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it's more of an academic environment in

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the in the in the qualification process

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to be assigned to to a flight here at

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you mentioned the physical side sir what

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kind of physical training was required

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well you know it's interesting we

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try to we work out pretty regularly on

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the earth but it's everybody has busy

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schedules just like uh

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everybody else uh training when we're

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training up for a mission but when we

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get to space it's it's not just a matter

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of what our desire to work out it's

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essential we have to do it if we did not

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exercise our bones would think uh i have

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nothing to do i can i can relax i can

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atrophy i don't have to carry a load and

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our bone density density would

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constantly fall off much like an elderly

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person with osteoporosis and the only

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way to really combat that is

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resistive exercise weightlifting type

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strength training on the large muscles

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your legs lower body and back and that's

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what we concentrate on we do a lot of

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of squats and deadlifts and that sort of

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thing to to keep our uh mostly our legs

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and our hips healthy that's uh

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absolutely critical we also have a bike

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and a treadmill and that that we use as

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well but that's just to maintain our

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cardiovascular health the real true

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why do you think the naval academy has

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produced more astronauts than any other

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well i think it's just a um

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a matter of numbers maybe if if you look

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at the astronaut office about half of

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the astronaut office

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uh

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is military the numbers are a little bit

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different right now we're sort of going

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through

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a transition period but historically the

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half the astronauts have been active

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duty military and half civilian and when

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those military officers that that come

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to to the astronaut office

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it's probably pretty pretty close i mean

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we might have the exact uh the lead if

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you will over the air force which is a

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good thing because i'll be coming home

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in the first week in october and going

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to our homecoming where we beat air

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force but that aside um

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the air force and the navy probably have

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the the two close

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are really close in the number of

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astronauts we produce the army has some

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too the coast guard academy has has an

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astronaut

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but it's just a matter of the sheer

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volume

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what's next for you sir

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what's next for me well um

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what i like to say up here is the the

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the only important thing in the space

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station is what you're doing right at

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this time

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because anything else we can screw up

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and cause damage to the vehicle or worse

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to ourselves so what's next for me is to

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make sure that i keep this place safe

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and running uh running ship shape until

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it's time for me to leave after that

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when i come home in uh in september

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i will go through about a two-month

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rehabilitation period get myself healthy

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make sure

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and finish close out all the experiments

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that we have ongoing

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on ourselves and then do

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a little bit of public relations things

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as i prepare for

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either a next my next assignment as as a

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space flyer but probably i will just

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work in the astronaut office supporting

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other ongoing missions and my friends

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that are that have the privilege of

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coming up here beyond that in the the

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five five year time horizon it'd be

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great if i could come back to this to

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space but but we'll leave that up to my

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thank you for your time commander

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thank you very much

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me if i get your name wrong it's best of

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luck to you as you pursue your dreams

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and to all of you out there

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station this is houston acr thank you

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that concludes the event

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thank you minnesota public radio and the